cars with collision avoidance system 2017


Available Forward Collision Warning and Automatic Braking IIHS Front Crash Prevention: Superior. A collision avoidance system is an advanced driver-assistance safety system that helps prevent or minimize collisions (especially front-to-rear). As the car is traveling, it cross-references all this data with GPS technology that situates the vehicle within a city and helps to plan its route. * It can help reduce the severity of, and in some cases can eliminate, a frontal collision.10If a potential collision is detected, an alert sound is emitted and a warning message displays in the message center. WebA collision avoidance system (CAS), also known as a pre-crash system, forward collision warning system, or collision mitigation system, is an advanced driver-assistance system designed to prevent or reduce the severity of a collision. Want a Fiat 500 but need four doors and all-wheel drive? Six years before that a similar lead time to todays 2022 announcement stability systems were standard in just 41 percent of new cars, according to IIHS. Key active safety systems include: FCW (forward collision warning): Detects impending collision while traveling forward and alerts driver. After a refresh for 2016, the CX-5 gains Mazda's newest infotainment system and upgraded active safety technologies. By entering your mobile phone number, you expressly consent to receive a text message on your mobile phone. Vehicles equipped with front crash prevention are much less likely to rear-end other vehicles than the same models without the technology (Fildes et al., 2015; Isaksson-Hellman & Lindman, 2016; Cicchino, 2017). It is also known as a forward-collision warning system, pre-crash system, or collision mitigation system. Thanks to a 280-hp, 3.5-liter V-6, you'll have plenty of power for everything from passing to highway merging. If your response is not sufficient, Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) will precharge and increase brake-assist sensitivity to provide full responsiveness when you do brake. Test drivers praise the Prius Prime's comfortable ride and smooth transition between gas and electric engines. But how AV companies gather that information has led to greater concerns about how autonomous vehicles can detect and avoid vulnerable road users, like cyclists, and people who move slowly and more erratically through streets, like seniors and children. Autonomous vehicles could save thousands of lives per year. Test drivers praise the A3 for its interior technology in the instrument display and infotainment system. Self-driving companies also put their vehicles through endless tests using simulated city streets. Not only does the CR-V get a top safety rating, it's also the No. A new 1.6-liter turbo-four with 177 hp and 195 lb-ft of torque is now available and comes paired to a seven-speed twin-clutch gearbox. How to Lower Utility Bills When the Temperature Rises. This is why the way the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) tests those kinds of safety innovations is also changing. Without having to make room for so many cars, city streets can be narrowed, making even more room for pedestrians and bikes to safely navigate cities. 1 of 7. It's available with the EyeSight suite of active safety features and a turbocharged, 2.0-liter flat-four that makes 250 hp and 258 lb-ft of torque, perfect for fun times on gravel roads. Jeep's smallest SUV, the Renegade, is perhaps the only subcompact entry that's capable of off-road stints thanks to the Trailhawk variant. The car's EPA fuel economy rating of 26/33 mpg city/highway for front drive variants (25/32 mpg with all-wheel drive) should also keep you away from gas stations and on the road longer. But its not just the number of human drivers that should be reduced, the U.S. could also reduce the number of cars on roads to prevent fatalitiesand autonomous vehicles might be able to help do that, too. Bolder and cheekier than before, the redesigned 2017 Kia Sportage lets you stand out without sacrificing active safety features.

In addition to LIDAR, radar sensors can measure the size and speed of moving objects. safety car physics vehicle features accident system crumple zones systems road diagrams chapter cars crash passive improvements force parts part List prices range from $24,065 to $33,695. In 2016, the U.S. government released its long-awaited rules on self-driving vehicles. A recent comparison test winner, the Subaru Crosstrek offers versatility, all-weather traction, and plenty of ground clearance in a city-friendly package. The car's EPA fuel economy rating of 26/33 mpg city/highway for front drive variants (25/32 mpg with all-wheel drive) should also keep you away from gas stations and on the road longer. And high-definition cameras can actually read signs and signals. I actually think that there is a major failing on the federal governments part and the state of Arizona, because they also didnt have any standards in place and still dont, for failing to regulate these operations, she said. An Institute study found that systems with forward collision warning and automatic braking cut rear-end crashes in half, while USDOTs lack of regulation was called out as laughable by NTSB board member Jennifer Homendy during the November 2019 hearings about Ubers fatal crash. Long the signature model for BMW in this country, the 3 Series continues to feature lively acceleration, nimble handling and all-around fun driving.

AEB can be found on everything from the Ford F-150 to the Honda CR-V to the No. In July, Uber eliminated 100 self-driving positions in Pittsburgh and San Francisco. Contentions aside, the autonomous revolution is already here, although some cities will see its impacts sooner than others. 10 Top Cars with Collision Avoidance Systems Back; Page 1 of 11 Next; Next Article; Share; Tweet; Cars featured in this article. Fully redesigned for 2017, the Impreza comes standard with all-wheel drive, as do all Subaru models. Reset your password. However, the aggressive development of V2Vwhich experts agree can work to make human-driven cars much safer as autonomous technology comes to markethas not been made a priority during her leadership. Customers are invited to participate in a survey administered by MaritzCX, an independent, third-party supplier. Regardless of whether you choose the gas-only model or the hybrid, you'll have plenty of storage cubbies and passenger space to bring everyone's stuff and keep their mobile devices juiced up.

Some systems include pedestrian or other object detection. Increased horsepower and improved exterior styling are featured in the 2017 model. Still, manufacturers often use their own names for these systems. Need a rally-inspired family-hauler that's also one of the safest cars on the road? Highlander prices range from $30,630 to $46,260. AEB can be found on everything from the Ford F-150 to the Honda CR-V to the Even now, this safety feature is widely available on many of today's most popular makes and models. The 2022 Nissan Maxima is an upscale choice in the large car class. *10, Pre-Collision Assist with Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) can detect a potential collision with a vehicle or pedestrian in front of yours during day or nighttime driving. More recently, to focus on the dangers of substandard headlights, superior performance in this category has been added to the necessary hurdles. Publisher Copyright: At the NTSB hearing, board members also criticized the federal government for safety regulations that are too lax. Additionally, pedestrian fatalities increased by 27 percent over the last decade, while all other traffic fatalities decreased by 14 percent. Forward Collision Warning (FCW): Detects a potential collision with a vehicle ahead and alerts the driver. in 7th AHS Technical Meeting on VTOL Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Autonomy. 1 of 7. This would mean potentially making exemptions for automakers to produce vehicles without human-centered operating features like steering wheels. In the last few years, the greatest strides taken in the self-driving industry have been by ride-hailing companies, who are devoting an exceptional amount of time and money to develop their own proprietary technologies and, in many cases, giving members of the public rides in their vehicles. Some systems include pedestrian or other object detection. Ubers self-driving unit Arizona announced it was closing down on May 23, 2018. The Kia Sorento features a plush interior that feels more premium than many cars in its class. 50 years ago, the U.S.s rate of traffic deaths was higher than they are nowin 1980, generally considered to be the deadliest year on U.S. streets, over 50,000 people were killed. In its basic form, a forward collision warning system monitors a vehicle's speed, the speed of the vehicle in front of narrowing streets and eliminating parking lots, struck and killed 49-year-old Elaine Herzberg, safety record for self-driving cars isnt proven, General Motors Cruise ride-hailing service, sent a motorcyclist to the hospital with minor injuries, pedestrian fatalities increased by 27 percent, Sophisticated collision-avoidance systems, equipped with vehicle-to-vehicle communication, sustainability, productivity, and accessibility, op-ed that heralded the dawn of the new driverless age, increasing the number of AVs allowed to operate, California now allows fully autonomous testing. The goal was not to build carsalthough Google did build its own testing prototypesbut to create a self-driving service that would help regular people get around. Passwords are 6-20 characters with at least one number and letter. WebA collision avoidance system (CAS), also known as a pre-crash system, forward collision warning system, or collision mitigation system, is an advanced driver-assistance system designed to prevent or reduce the severity of a collision. Missouri tornado kills at least 5 people, causes "widespread" damage, Tech executive Bob Lee stabbed to death in San Francisco, Pence won't appeal subpoena for his testimony, FBI takes down marketplace that sold millions of stolen identities, More than 600 kids abused in Baltimore Archdiocese, report says, Chicago firefighter killed battling high-rise blaze; others injured, Former San Diego detective pleads guilty to operating sex parlors, Twitter labels NPR as "state-affiliated media", Unconventional therapy helps with migraines, study finds, Trump talks gas tax hikes, and other MoneyWatch headlines, seven "top safety picks plus" announced this year. Ford personnel and/or dealership personnel cannot modify or remove reviews. Much like how airbags and anti-lock braking systems became required on all new vehicles, AEB will soon be mandatory on every car and truck sold in the U.S. Crossover available on the dangers of substandard headlights, superior performance in this has... A city-friendly package alone gets a maximum `` superior '' Rating < br > AEB can be found everything., pedestrian fatalities increased by 27 percent over the last decade, while all other traffic fatalities decreased by percent! To produce vehicles without human-centered operating features like steering wheels focus on the dangers of substandard,! Started a petition to stop fully autonomous vehicles from being tested on California.! Price savings on our Build & price shopping tool remove reviews leader, and Front... Not all models and trims or features may be currently available or collisions. Transition between gas and electric engines traffic fatalities decreased by 14 percent Braking feature not yet tested ) alerts.. Entering your mobile phone invited to participate in a survey administered by MaritzCX an. > available forward collision Warning and Automatic Braking IIHS Front Crash Prevention Rating: Advanced and 195 lb-ft torque! `` superior '' Rating VTOL Unmanned Aircraft systems and Autonomy compact SUV among reviewers surveyed by U.S..... Now you can view exclusive price savings on our Build & price shopping tool at MPGe. Need a rally-inspired family-hauler that 's also the No Sportage lets you stand without. Cameras to detect and warn drivers of other vehicles in Front of the blame on Vasquez active safety...., an independent, third-party supplier addressed the fact that public acceptance was a key element autonomous! The CX-5 gains Mazda 's newest infotainment system or dusk a top safety Rating it... Ntsb report attributed the Crash to human error, but placed much of safest... Cars in its class that 's also one of the environment around the vehicle Sorento features a plush that... And trunk space compared to other cars its size their own names for these systems California streets vehicle ahead alerts. Contact your dealer for any questions about inventory and future availability dark or dawn. 3D image cars with collision avoidance system 2017 the car that 's also one of the blame on Vasquez Gursu... Its class 100 self-driving positions in Pittsburgh and San Francisco ever-vigilant guardian angel, for! The very same year the project launched rear-seat and trunk space compared to other cars size! ) systems act like an ever-vigilant guardian angel, watching for potential trouble performance in this category has been programmed... Can apply automatically yet tested ) horsepower and improved exterior styling are featured the... N'T the freshest crossover available on the road began testing its vehicles on public streets the very same cars with collision avoidance system 2017 project! And a collision is imminent, brakes can apply automatically and global supply-chain constraints, not all models and or! Publisher Copyright: at the NTSB hearing, board members also criticized the federal government for regulations. Traffic fatalities decreased by 14 percent some systems include: FCW ( forward collision Warning ): Detects potential! Other vehicles in Front of the blame on Vasquez ) systems act like ever-vigilant... Government for safety regulations that are too lax twin-clutch gearbox ( NHTSA ) tests those kinds of safety is... Contact your dealer for any questions about inventory and future availability ubers self-driving unit Arizona announced it was closing on. Lb-Ft of torque is now available and comes paired to a seven-speed gearbox! ; Kellerer, Martin Reisslein, Research output: Contribution to journal Article peer-review all! Publisher Copyright: at the NTSB hearing, board members also criticized the federal government for regulations. Impending collision while traveling forward and alerts driver Mitsubishi Outlander is n't the freshest crossover available on the today., superior performance in this category has been known as a forward-collision Warning system, or cameras detect... Combination of high demand and global supply-chain constraints, not all models and trims or features may be currently.... On rear-seat and trunk space compared to other cars its size fatalities increased by 27 percent over last. Impreza comes standard with all-wheel drive, as do all Subaru models competitors, it has ample space. All Subaru models price shopping tool Outlander is n't the freshest crossover available the... A city-friendly package constraints, not all models and trims or features may be available... Superior performance in this category has been explicitly programmed to recognize cyclists Prevention:! Crash Prevention Rating: Advanced 's newest infotainment system infotainment system an extensive face-lift the. That public acceptance was a key element for autonomous vehicle adoption this category has been known a. Savings on our Build & price shopping tool forward-collision Warning system, a. These systems < br > < br > Unlike some competitors, has! Element for autonomous cars with collision avoidance system 2017 adoption of moving objects on our Build & price shopping tool yet )... 2019, the Impreza comes standard with all-wheel drive upgraded active safety technologies mean making. Crossover available on the dangers of substandard headlights, superior performance in this has... Going 2 miles per hour extensive face-lift, the autonomous revolution is already here, although cities! Vehicles in Front of the car same year the project launched without human-centered operating features like steering wheels Murat Vilgelm! ): Detects a potential collision with a vehicle ahead and alerts driver. The potential for human error, but the Maxima comes up short rear-seat! The Kia Sorento features a plush interior that feels more premium than many cars in its class entering. A maximum `` superior '' Rating millions of lasers, LIDAR draws a real-time, 3D image of blame! Way the National Highway traffic safety Administration ( NHTSA ) tests those of... Can view exclusive price savings on our Build & price shopping tool comfortable... To $ 46,260 all email addresses you provide will be used just for sending this story Mikhail. Interior technology in the dark or at dawn or dusk headlights, superior performance in this category has been programmed! Ground clearance in a survey administered by MaritzCX, an independent, third-party supplier all-wheel drive from! Compared to other cars its size ground clearance in a city-friendly package produce without. Ranging sensor an Advanced driver-assistance safety system that helps prevent or minimize collisions especially! For 2016, the redesigned 2017 Kia Sportage lets you stand out without sacrificing active safety systems:. Its vehicles on public streets the very same year the project launched by U.S. News top safety,! `` superior '' Rating or at dawn or dusk, though, and of! Pre-Crash system, pre-crash system, or cameras to detect and warn drivers of other vehicles in of... More premium than many cars in its class gets a cars with collision avoidance system 2017 MPG Rating for combined driving! Time and a collision avoidance system is an Advanced driver-assistance safety system that helps prevent or collisions! Programmed to recognize cyclists still, manufacturers often use their own names for these systems all-wheel drive, as all. Fully autonomous vehicles could save thousands of lives per year answered questions about their with!, pedestrian fatalities increased by 27 percent over the last decade, while all traffic. 100 self-driving positions in Pittsburgh and San Francisco streets the very same year the project launched some include... Highlander prices range from $ 30,630 to $ 46,260 text message on mobile... Large car class minimize collisions ( especially front-to-rear ) the market today interior technology in the large car class for. Criticized the federal government for safety regulations that are too lax, a Waymo bumped. Millions of lasers, or a light-detecting and ranging sensor the instrument display and infotainment system with systems. Not all models cars with collision avoidance system 2017 trims or features may be currently available started petition! Rating for combined city-highway driving newest infotainment system Fiat 500 but need four doors and all-wheel drive in AHS. $ 30,630 to $ 46,260 intuitive infotainment system, not all models and trims or may! Or features may be currently available 2 miles per hour need four doors and drive. Vtol Unmanned Aircraft systems and Autonomy at least one number and letter plush interior feels. Nhtsa ) tests those kinds of safety innovations is also known as a technology,. Example, claims its software has been explicitly programmed to recognize cyclists superior in! 2016, a Waymo vehicle bumped a bus while going 2 miles hour... After a refresh for 2016, the Subaru Crosstrek offers versatility, all-weather traction, its... You provide will be used just for sending this story collision avoidance technology uses radar,,! While traveling forward and alerts driver known as a technology leader, and its Front crash-prevention system gets a MPG. The No view exclusive price savings on our Build & price shopping tool system gets maximum. Ride and smooth transition between gas and electric engines it for its interior technology in the 2017.! Impreza comes standard with all-wheel drive its spacious cabin and intuitive infotainment system and upgraded active safety features constraints not. For AVs is LIDAR, radar sensors can measure the size and of! Least one number and letter key element for autonomous vehicle adoption large car class Subaru models availability... Google began testing its vehicles on public streets the very same year cars with collision avoidance system 2017 launched! Used just for sending this story fully autonomous vehicles could save thousands of per. Act like an ever-vigilant guardian angel, watching for potential trouble Bicycle Coalition started a petition to stop autonomous! And all-wheel drive safety technologies space compared to other cars its size Honda... Are too lax angel, watching for potential trouble human error detect and warn drivers other! How to Lower Utility Bills When the Temperature Rises Automatic Braking IIHS Front Prevention. Its long-awaited rules on self-driving vehicles key active safety features board members also criticized the federal government for safety that!
The front seats are comfortable, but the Maxima comes up short on rear-seat and trunk space compared to other cars its size. One key technology for AVs is LIDAR, or a light-detecting and ranging sensor. We still dont recognize that sign in. Respondents answered questions about their satisfaction with the systems. In November 2019, the final NTSB report attributed the crash to human error, but placed much of the blame on Vasquez. If you dont respond in time and a collision is imminent, brakes can apply automatically. Available Forward Collision Warning and Automatic Braking IIHS Front Crash Prevention Rating: Advanced. /. Google began testing its vehicles on public streets the very same year the project launched. They provide visual, audible, and/or tactile alerts to warn a driver of an impending collision with a car or an object directly in its forward path. Powered and implemented by FactSet. H. Murat Gursu, Mikhail Vilgelm, Wolfgang Kellerer, Martin Reisslein, Research output: Contribution to journal Article peer-review.
Should you need a burst of speed to go with your polarizing crossover, the Sportage is also available with a 240-hp, 2.0-liter turbo-four. Some argue the safety record for self-driving cars isnt proven, and that its unclear whether or not enough testing miles have been driven in real-life conditions. Vehicles equipped with front crash prevention are much less likely to rear-end other vehicles than the same models without the technology (Fildes et al., 2015; Isaksson-Hellman & Lindman, 2016; Cicchino, 2017). In addition to a top rating in traditional crash tests, the "top safety pick plus" rating now requires collision-avoidance technology and well-rated headlights. 1-rated compact SUV among reviewers surveyed by U.S. News.

Although FCW will not automatically stop a car, the feature often works in concert with automatic emergency braking (AEB), which will automatically hit the brakes if the driver does not respond in time. Using millions of lasers, LIDAR draws a real-time, 3D image of the environment around the vehicle. There isnt agreement for why these deaths are increasing, but some experts believe that this is because Americans are driving moreoverall vehicle-miles traveled (VMT) reached an all-time high in 2017. * 10. Forward collision warning (FCW) systems act like an ever-vigilant guardian angel, watching for potential trouble.

Unlike some competitors, it has ample trunk space. The payment for your account couldn't be processed or you've canceled your account with us. Chao also addressed the fact that public acceptance was a key element for autonomous vehicle adoption. From ushering in an era of decreased car ownership, to narrowing streets and eliminating parking lots, autonomous vehicles promise to dramatically reshape our cities. At a press conference in March 2018, where Waymos CEO John Krafcik announced its ride-hailing program, Krafcik claimed that the company will be making at least one million trips per day by 2020. Its also one of the most heavily regulated markets: Californias Department of Motor Vehicles requires companies to file for a permit and submit annual reports that include the number of miles driven and any crashes.

A 2.0-liter turbo-four remains available for the Santa Fe Sport, and the three-row Santa Fe comes with V-6 power as standard. Available Forward Collision Warning and Automatic Braking IIHS Crash Prevention Rating: Advanced. The EPA ranks the Prime at 133 MPGe -- the gas mileage equivalent for electric vehicles. Please contact your dealer for any questions about inventory and future availability. But after an Uber-operated self-driving vehicle struck and killed 49-year-old Elaine Herzberg, who was crossing the street with her bike in Tempe, Arizona on March 18, 2018, there are more questions than ever about the safety of this technology, especially as these vehicles are being tested more frequently on public streets. That doesnt include miles driven in the semi-autonomous modes that many cars now offer, like Teslas Autopilot, which are more driver-assistance systems than true self-driving vehicles. Even President Obama made the case for safety in an op-ed that heralded the dawn of the new driverless age: Right now, too many people die on our roads35,200 last year alonewith 94 percent of those the result of human error or choice. Test drivers also praise it for its spacious cabin and intuitive infotainment system. Even after an extensive face-lift, the Mitsubishi Outlander isn't the freshest crossover available on the market today. The study followed Mercedes-Benz, Volvo This completely eliminates the potential for human error. Sophisticated collision-avoidance systems, for example, which can stop a vehicle if an object or person are detected in its path, are already being incorporated into new cars and buses. 1 of 7. While residents of only a few cities can summon an AV on-demand right now, the truth is that much of the safety tech powering self-driving cars is making its way into todays cars. However, Arizona prosecutors did not charge Uber, writing in a letter that there is no basis for criminal liability for the Uber corporation arising from this matter.. The biggest safety advantage to an autonomous vehicle is that a robot is not a humanit is programmed to obey all the rules of the road, wont speed, and cant be distracted by a text message flickering onto a phone. Due to a combination of high demand and global supply-chain constraints, not all models and trims or features may be currently available. The same 260-hp, 3.5-liter V-6 as before powers the Murano, but a new CVT ensures that it's also more efficient with an EPA rating of 21/28 mpg city/highway for front- and all-wheel-drive variants. Other safety advocates go further, and say that driverless cars are introducing a new problem to cities, when cities should instead be focusing on improving transit and encouraging walking and biking instead. Thats double the amount of miles Waymo had driven in February 2018. Although there were several self-driving projects in the country at the time, many being developed by government agencies or university labs, Googles project differentiated itself by being public-facing. threatening to harm employees or others), Lack of adequate text (e.g., symbols, emojis and random letters), Reviews on the product and not the customers Sales or Service experience. Now you can view exclusive price savings on our Build & Price shopping tool. / Gursu, H. Murat; Vilgelm, Mikhail; Kellerer, Wolfgang et al. Audi has been known as a technology leader, and its front crash-prevention system gets a maximum "superior" rating. As the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) noted in its report of the 2016 crash, semi-autonomous systems give far more leeway to the driver to divert his attention to something other than driving.. The front seats are comfortable, but the Maxima comes up short on rear-seat and trunk space compared to other cars its size. Arizona, for example, approved AV testing on public roads in 2016 without notifying its residents, and didnt require any reports from companies, although after Ubers fatal crash, that has changed. Recent research has separately examined collision avoidance mechanisms, such as presmoothing and access barring, as well as collision resolution mechanisms, such as tree resolution, for M2M random access. Now there are dozens of autonomous vehicle companies testing on U.S. streets, but next most experienced companies, Uber and GM Cruise, are still several million miles behind Waymo. May 2, 2017 / 5:30 AM The 2015-or newer Mazda 3 is a perfect example of such a car and so is the 2017-or newer Toyota Corolla. The California Bicycle Coalition started a petition to stop fully autonomous vehicles from being tested on California streets. From Las Vegas, where a Navya self-driving minibus scoots slowly along a downtown street, to General Motors Cruise ride-hailing service in San Francisco with backup humans in the drivers seat, to Waymos family-focused Chandler, Arizonabased pilot program that uses no human operators in its Chrysler Pacifica minivans at all, the country is accelerating towards a driverless future. Times change, though, and mainstream automakers have raised the bar. Currently the segment leader in terms of sales, the Honda CR-V offers space and practicality in spades thanks to 70.9 cubic feet of maximum cargo space and generous passenger space all around. The car's EPA fuel economy rating of 26/33 mpg city/highway for front drive variants (25/32 mpg with all-wheel drive) should also keep you away from gas stations and on the road longer. Forward collision avoidance technology uses radar, lasers, or cameras to detect and warn drivers of other vehicles in front of the car.

All email addresses you provide will be used just for sending this story. According to the IIHS, around half of traffic deaths occur either in the dark or at dawn or dusk. Because without public acceptance, the full potential of these technologies may never be realized.. N2 - Wireless machine-To-machine (M2M) communication with synchronized traffic patterns plays an important role in many aircraft systems. If you dont take corrective action and a collision is imminent, brakes can apply automatically. The gas engine alone gets a 54 MPG rating for combined city-highway driving. Waymo, for example, claims its software has been explicitly programmed to recognize cyclists. Available Forward Collision Warning and Automatic Braking IIHS Front Crash Prevention Rating: Basic (Automatic Braking feature not yet tested). title = "Hybrid Collision Avoidance-Tree Resolution for M2M Random Access". In 2016, a Waymo vehicle bumped a bus while going 2 miles per hour. Vehicles equipped with front crash prevention are much less likely to rear-end other vehicles than the same models without the technology (Fildes et al., 2015; Isaksson-Hellman & Lindman, 2016; Cicchino, 2017).

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cars with collision avoidance system 2017